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Die Entführung aus dem Serail
' (K. 384; ''The Abduction from the Seraglio''; also known as ') is an opera Singspiel in three acts by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The German libretto is by Christoph Friedrich Bretzner with adaptations by Gottlieb Stephanie. The plot concerns the attempt of the hero Belmonte, assisted by his servant Pedrillo, to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the seraglio of Pasha Selim. The work premiered on 16 July 1782 at the Vienna Burgtheater, with the composer conducting.
==Origins==
The company that first sponsored the opera was the ''Nationalsingspiel'' ("national Singspiel"), a pet project (1778–1783) of the Austrian emperor Joseph II. The Emperor had set up the company to perform works in the German language (as opposed to the Italian opera style widely popular in Vienna). This project was ultimately given up as a failure, but along the way it produced a number of successes, mostly a series of translated works. Mozart's opera emerged as its outstanding original success.〔Manning 1982〕
The inspector of the ''Nationalsingspiel'' was Gottlieb Stephanie.〔Abert 2007, 620〕 When the 25-year-old Mozart arrived in Vienna in 1781, seeking professional opportunity, one of the first tasks to which he addressed himself was to become acquainted with Stephanie and lobby him for an opera commission. To this end, he brought a copy of his earlier opera ''Zaide'' and showed it to Stephanie, who was duly impressed. Mozart also made a strong impression on the manager of the theater, Count Franz Xaver Orsini-Rosenberg, when in the home of Mozart's friend and patroness Maria Wilhelmine Thun the Count heard him play excerpts from his opera ''Idomeneo'', premiered with great success the previous year in Munich.〔 With this backing, it was agreed that Stephanie would find appropriate material and prepare a libretto for Mozart. Stephanie complied by first pirating and then altering ''Belmont und Constanze, oder Die Entführung aus dem Serail'', an earlier work by Bretzner, who later complained loudly and publicly about the theft.〔Deutsch 1965〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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